Diploma in Mechatronics & Robotics (N50)

Why MR?

  • A broad-based curriculum with a strong focus on autonomous mobile and collaborative robotics
  • Acquire skills in emerging technologies such as Augmented Reality, Robot Operating System, Computer Vision and Industrial IoT for exciting career opportunities in robotics engineering and automation!
  • Choose to specialise in either Autonomous Systems or Automation & Industrial Cybersecurity
  • Opportunities to work on projects sponsored by leading industry partners and innovative technology companies such as Omron Electronics, Universal Robots, HOPE Technik, MooVita and Bosch Rexroth.

About MR

Robots are changing our daily lives – imagine stepping out of your smart home, taking a self-driving vehicle to your favourite restaurant, and getting served by a robot waiter! The field of robotics and automation is steadily growing and finding its way into every home, company and industry. If you want to engineer the next generation of robots and smart machines, the Diploma in Mechatronics & Robotics (MR) is your ideal choice.

With our broad-based curriculum, you will learn to use emerging technologies in robotics and automation, such as augmented reality, computer vision and Industrial Internet of Things, to develop high-tech solutions for consumer products and industrial applications. This will give you an edge when you pursue exciting careers in growing fields such as service robotics, autonomous driving technologies and industrial automation and applications.

In the first two years, you will build a strong foundation in the various disciplines of engineering – electrical, electronics, mechanical and programming. You will also learn practical skills in computer-aided design, applications of artificial intelligence, and how to develop functional applications using a Robot Operating System (ROS).  
To deepen your competencies, you can opt to specialise in one of these two areas: Autonomous Systems or Automation & Industrial Cybersecurity. 

In the Autonomous Systems specialisation, you will learn about autonomous mobile robot development, collaborative robot (cobot) programming and how to deploy an autonomous vehicle. This specialisation will equip you with the competencies to pursue a career as a robotics engineer upon graduation. 

Or you can choose to learn automation & industrial cybersecurity to get a head start in programming mechatronics system using industrial controllers.  In addition, you will learn how to protect industrial control systems by deploying cybersecurity strategies and solutions.

With many modules co-developed, co-delivered and co-assessed with our industry partners such as Omron Electronics, Universal Robots, HOPE Technik and MooVita, you can be sure that you will be prepared for the industry when you graduate. To give you an edge in your career, there are also opportunities to go on a six-month internship at companies such as PSA Singapore, Bosch Rexroth, LKH Precicon, A*STAR and Omron Electronics.

What’s more, you will get exclusive opportunities to gain hands-on experience on future mobility technologies at innovative Autonomous Vehicle start-up MooVita, a high-tech provider of smart mobility solutions, situated right on our campus!

Plus, gain hands-on experience at high-tech mobility solutions provider MooVita, situated right on campus!

Overview of Your MR Journey


Highlights

Industry 4.0

Final-year Automation & Mechatronic Systems* students Mah Jia Yong and Edwin Tan helped to design, build, program and integrate a fully automated robotics assembly line. Smart sensors such as RFID and IO-Link technologies were used for production tracking and preventive smart maintenance. An augmented reality (AR) application was also created to identify components and provide information about the machines.

*renamed the Diploma in Mechatronics & Robotics

 


Further Studies

You will be well prepared for further studies in mechanical, electrical or electronic engineering at both local and overseas universities. You may even be granted advanced standing in related engineering courses at:

Singapore

  • Nanyang Technological University
  • National University of Singapore
  • Singapore Institute of Technology-University of Glasgow

Australia

  • Monash University
  • University of New South Wales

United Kingdom

  • University of Manchester
  • University of Sheffield
Danish Abrisam Bin Ismail

Danish Abrisam Bin Ismail
Automation & Mechatronic Systems* graduate, Class of 2019

Danish is studying Mechatronics Engineering at Baden-Wuerttemberg Cooperative State University, under EDB’s Poly-goes-UAS Programme. He is currently a student trainee at German multinational company Pepperl+Fuchs.

*Renamed the Diploma in Mechatronics & Robotics

Michael Lim Kee Hian

Michael Lim 
Automation & Mechatronic Systems* graduate, Class of 2019

Michael is pursuing a Bachelor of Engineering (Engineering Product Development) at SUTD and an awardee of the SAF Academic Award. He is also in the SUTD Technology Entrepreneurship Programme, an integrated programme that aims to nurture aspiring entrepreneurs. 

*Renamed the Diploma in Mechatronics & Robotics

Careers

As a designer and engineer of automation systems, you will be well-sought after in jobs that involve the design, development and manufacturing of intelligent products and systems. You can look forward to pursuing careers in the following job roles:

  • Robotics Engineer
  • Automation Engineer 
  • Application Engineer
  • WSH Coordinator
  • Assistant Engineer/Associate Engineer in
    • Process Engineering
    • Equipment Engineering
    • Facility Engineering
    • Quality Engineering
    • Product Engineering
    • Production Engineering
    • Quality Assurance/Quality Control
    • Procurement Coordinator/Executive
Benjamin Tan

Benjamin Tan
Automation & Mechatronic Systems* graduate, Class of 2015

Benjamin graduated from University College London with a Master of Science in Robotics and Computation. He is currently a Senior Robotics Software Engineer at Dyson Singapore.

*Renamed the Diploma in Mechatronics & Robotics

Clement Chen
Mechatronic Engineering* graduate, Class of 2012

Clement graduated from SUTD with a Bachelor of Engineering (Engineering Product Development). He is currently a Design Engineer at Dyson Singapore.

*Renamed the Diploma in Mechatronics & Robotics

Teo Yee
Mechatronic Engineering* graduate, Class of 2012

Teo Yee is a research engineer under the Adaptive Robotics & Mechatronics Group
in A*STAR’s Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology. He graduated from NTU with a Mathematical Sciences degree.  

*Renamed the Diploma in Mechatronics & Robotics

Entry Requirements

AGGREGATE TYPE ELR2B2-C

To be eligible for consideration, candidates must have the following GCE ‘O’ Level examination (or equivalent) results.

Subject'O' Level Grade
English Language1-7
Mathematics (Elementary/Additional)1-6
Any one of the following subjects: 

Biology
Biotechnology
Chemistry
Computing/Computer Studies
Design & Technology
Electronics/Fundamentals of Electronics
Physics
Science (Chemistry, Biology)
Science (Physics, Biology)
Science (Physics, Chemistry)
1-6

You must also fulfil the aggregate computation requirements for the ELR2B2-C Aggregate Type listed here (  33KB). 

For students with other qualifications, please refer to the NP website for the entry requirements and admissions exercise period.

Candidates with severe vision deficiency, colour vision deficiency, profound hearing deficiency, uncontrolled epilepsy and/or severe physical impairments may encounter difficulties meeting the course requirements and expectations. Those with mild colour vision deficiency are required to undergo an in-house test.


What You Will Learn

Engineering Mathematics 1 (4 Credit Units)

The 38EM1 module is designed to provide students with the mathematical skills required in solving basic engineering problems. The topics introduced are in line with the application requirements in engineering modules. Applications and problem solving will thus be the ‘highlight’ of each and every topic. Topics include trigonometry, graphs of trigonometric functions, exponential and logarithmic functions, basic differentiation and complex numbers 

Students also make use of graphing software (such as desmos) to further enhance their understanding and work on complex problems.

Electrical Engineering Fundamentals  (3 Credit Units)

This module provides the foundation in electricity to prepare the students for more specialised subjects. It deals with the basic concepts of electrical circuits, the methods used to analyse them and magnetism.

The module emphasises the understanding of the basic electrical circuit laws (Ohm’s Law, Kirchhoff’s Voltage and Current Laws) and network theorems (Mesh Analysis, Superposition Theorem and Thevenin’s Theorem), and their application to electrical network analysis. Students will learn about induced magnetism, electrical methods of magnetisation and demagnetisation, Magnetic Force Acting on a Current-Carrying Conductor, Faraday’s Law of Induction, the terms ‘magnetic field strength’ and ‘magnetomotive force’ and Lenz’s Law.

The main topics covered include fundamentals of electricity, network theorems and magnetic fields and forces.

Mechanical Engineering Fundamentals  (3 Credit Units)

This module aims to give students a foundation in engineering mechanics and to provide them with fundamental skills in solving problems concerning engineering systems represented in two-dimensional space. At the end of the module, students will be expected to apply the principles and components of engineering mechanics in solving mechanics-related problems and to communicate their solutions using relevant illustrations and mathematical methods. Students will be taught theoretical knowledge and problem-solving skills through lecturer-facilitated, hands-on activities and project work.

Programming (3 Credit Units)

This practice-oriented module equips students with basic knowledge and skills in computer programming using a suitable high-level language. The main topics include basic computer programming concepts and fundamental programming constructs such as sequences, selection, and repetition.

Engineering & Society (4 Credit Units)

This module prepares to develop in our students fundamental concepts and considerations pertaining to key attributes of an engineering professional by relating to them the significance of engineering to society through the conduct of hands-on project work. Underpinned by Service-Learning pedagogy, in this module students are involved with community projects focused on delivering engineering solutions. These projects also give students opportunities to develop cultural intelligence while working with different community stakeholders, develop the ability to view socio-technological issues from multiple perspectives, and reflect on the societal impacts of engineering through the course of their project work.

Career & Professional Preparation 1 is incorporated into the module to help students onboard their engineering studies with the aim of preparing them for future engineering careers. Students will plan their professional development and map their education and career goals towards the workforce they intend to join. 

Innovation Made Possible^  (3 Credit Units)

Underpinned by the Design Thinking framework, Innovation Made Possible aims to build creative confidence in students. The module will sensitise the students to the process of user-centric problem solving and allow them to discover and hone their innate ability to think creatively, come up with innovations to tackle problems and explore new ideas for their studies and beyond.

^ Interdisciplinary Studies (IS) modules account for 13 credit units of the diploma curriculum. They include modules in communication, innovation and world issues, as well as an interdisciplinary project. By bringing students from diverse diplomas together, the interdisciplinary project fosters collaboration to explore and propose solutions for real-world problems. IS aims to develop students to be agile and self-directed learners, ready for the future workplace.

 

Engineering Mathematics 2  (4 Credit Units)

This module is designed to provide students with the fundamental skills in mathematics required to solve basic engineering problems. Topics are introduced in an order that is intended to keep abreast of the application requirements in engineering modules. The emphasis in each topic is on simple applications and problem solving. Topics include remainder and factor theorems, trigonometry, differentiation and simple integration with applications.

Electrical & Electronics Technology  (3 Credit Units)

The aim of this module is to introduce the fundamental concepts of digital electronic devices and circuits. It intends to deepen the electrical fundamentals learnt in the first semester. Topics include AC circuit theory and transformer fundamentals, number systems, Boolean algebra, combinational logic design, applications of latches, flip-flops, counters and registers.

Engineering Drawing Fundamentals  (4 Credit Units)

This module aims to enable students to understand basic engineering drawing concepts, definitions and the purpose of conveying all the information necessary for manufacturing a product or a part. Students will also work in teams and undertake the projects/case studies underpinned by the design thinking and computer-aided design (2D skills) approach. Upon completion of the module, students will be able to apply the skills and develop confidence in tackling projects at higher levels. 

Materials & Manufacturing Technology  (3 Credit Units)

This module introduces students to the fundamental of engineering materials and manufacturing process. 

Materials lab practice including tensile test, hardness test, and machining technology including turning, milling, laser cut, 3D printing, sheet metal, assembly will be conducted during lesson hour. Students will be learning most of the content in the laboratory or workshop. Individual student will have to work on a designed workpiece in each workshop and get familiarised with all manufacturing technology. In the lab practice lesson, individual student will have to do reflection and data analyse and practice on various kinds of materials testing and fabrication method. Safety and positive work attitudes are inculcated in the student during training sessions.

Thermofluids  (3 Credit Units)

Thermofluid will provide students with a fundamental understanding of the 2 broad studies of fluid mechanics and thermodynamics. Students will learn the basic laws governing the behaviour of fluids under the influence of various energy transfer. 

Topics include systems concept, temperature and pressure, fluid statics, fluid in motion, continuity equation, laminar and turbulent flows, ideal incompressible flow, Bernoulli’s equation, the first law of thermodynamics, properties of perfect gas and non-flow process with perfect gas. Students will also go through a simple case study of turbomachinary: pumps. By applying the thermofluid concepts, solve, understand and perform basic sizing for pumps.

Confident Communication: Find Your Voice (VOICE) ^ (3 Credit Units)

The VOICE module aims to empower students to become thoughtful and confident communicators able to tailor a message to suit audience, purpose and context. Students will learn how to use storytelling structures and techniques, persuasive strategies and effective visuals to connect meaningfully with their audience. Through a personalised growth plan, the module encourages students to reflect, set goals and take ownership of their growth and development as communicators. The module employs engaging teaching strategies such as games, thinking routines, masterclasses and workshops, and a celebratory showcase festival at the end to make learning fun and exciting.

Health & Wellness^  (1 Credit Unit)

This is a Level 1 Core module for all Year 1 students. The module will introduce students to the importance of maintaining both physical and mental health through the knowledge and monitoring of health indicators, and application through appropriate exercises. The aim of the module is to empower students with basic knowledge and skills to be independent and responsible in maintaining overall personal health. 


^ Interdisciplinary Studies (IS) modules account for 13 credit units of the diploma curriculum. They include modules in communication, innovation and world issues, as well as an interdisciplinary project. By bringing students from diverse diplomas together, the interdisciplinary project fosters collaboration to explore and propose solutions for real-world problems. IS aims to develop students to be agile and self-directed learners, ready for the future workplace.

Computer Vision in Artificial Intelligence  (3 Credit Units)

This module aims to introduce students to artificial intelligence (AI) and the applications of AI in industries to solve real-world problems in automation and robotics settings. Students will also learn the fundamentals of computer vision to perform image processing, video analysis, and perform object detection and recognition. Deep Learning techniques will be introduced with potential applications in robotics and autonomous vehicles. The student will learn to design Graphical User Interface (GUI) using HTML, JavaScript, and Web Development Framework and deploy the web application in Cloud Servers.

Industrial Automation  (4 Credit Units)

This module aims to equip students with the basic knowledge of automation technologies and their applications in the manufacturing and process industries. With the rise of new digital industrial technology, known as Industry 4.0, students will also be introduced to smart sensors and actuators using IO-Link technology. This technology enables communication within the system (host controller) down to the sensor level.

Major topics include electro-pneumatics technology, programmable logic control and IO-Link technology. The essential hardware components used in automated systems, such as sensors, valves and actuators will be applied to the automated systems. Widely accepted industrial control programming language ladder and inline structured text will be covered, in conjunction with the learning of programming logic controllers and computer interfaces. 

Laboratory work involves hands-on circuit construction and implementation using these various technologies and techniques, which enhances students’ understanding of the practical aspects of circuit designs.

Microcontroller & System  (3 Credit Units)

In this module, students will be introduced to the fundamentals of microcontroller, programming and interfacing. Through hands-on, students will learn to write programs in C language to control peripherals attach to the controller with interfacing the microcontroller to input-output devices such as switches, sensors, LEDs, 7-segment displays, and motors.  

Strength of Materials  (4 Credit Units)

This module aims to provide students with the foundational knowledge of strength of materials with emphasis on applications and problem solving. It introduces to students the methods in the calculation of stresses and strains in various structural members such as beams, columns and shafts. Taking into account the material properties, students would then be able to apply the methods to predict the response of a structure under loading. Topics include simple stresses and strains, torsion in shaft, shear force and bending moment diagrams, stresses in beams, combined stresses and experimental stress analysis.

Engineering and Sustainability  (4 Credit Units)

This module aims to develop in our students the knowledge, skills and disposition towards sustainability by introducing them to the dominant environmental and climate change issues caused by technological developments. Students will learn about sustainability design in the context of engineering design considerations, such as, resource efficiency, environmentally friendly materials, innovative sustainable products, lean and green operations, remanufacturing and responsible sourcing. In collaboration with community and industry partners, Service-Learning projects provide opportunities for the students to apply and home their Green skills while developing a deeper understanding of environmental sustainability issues and their social impacts both locally and globally.

The module also encourages students to appreciate and explore green job opportunities in engineering. Career and Professional Preparation 2 is incorporate to equip students with the skills necessary to seek and secure such work opportunities. They will also be equipped to communicate their personal brand more effectively. As students sharpen their communication skills, they will also learn how to market themselves effectively. 

World Issues - A Singapore Perspective^  (2 Credit Units)

This module will expose students to a wide range of global issues discussed in the context of Singapore as a nation state. Students will be guided to critically examine current affairs from various perspectives and develop an appreciation of the dynamism behind current world problems and consider possible solutions. The intent of this module is to develop thinking students with well-considered perspectives who are able to articulate reasonable opinions, make thoughtful decisions and informed choices as active citizens in society. They will also be exposed to a multidisciplinary approach in the mitigation of global challenges and thus be adequately prepared to handle Year 3 IS interdisciplinary Project ID.


^ Interdisciplinary Studies (IS) modules account for 13 credit units of the diploma curriculum. They include modules in communication, innovation and world issues, as well as an interdisciplinary project. By bringing students from diverse diplomas together, the interdisciplinary project fosters collaboration to explore and propose solutions for real-world problems. IS aims to develop students to be agile and self-directed learners, ready for the future workplace.
Applied Mechanics  (4 Credit Units)

This is a follow-on module from Mechanical Engineering Fundamentals. It will equip students with the necessary skills to analyse problems of rigid bodies at rest and in motion. Topics include trusses, friction, work energy method, power and efficiency and impulse momentum method. This knowledge plays an important role in many diverse engineering applications in the modern world, such as the design of cars, structures, airplanes, and various types of machines. Students will be guided to solve engineering problems using these mechanics principles.

Computer Aided System Design  (4 Credit Units)

This module aims to equip students with the skills to select, and integrate machine elements (i.e. motors, gears, shafts, bearings, and springs) into mechanical devices and systems. Students will learn to use Computer-Aided-Design (CAD) software to model, design, and integrate mechanical systems for real-world application. Students will be introduced to Computer-Aided Manufacturing (CAM) for the manufacturing of components and products

Network Fundamentals  (3 Credit Units)

This module covers the introduction to the architecture, structure, functions, components, and models of the Internet and other computer networks. The principles and structure of IP addressing and the fundamentals of Ethernet concepts, media, and operations are introduced to provide a foundation knowledge and skills for network infrastructure. Upon completion of the module, students will be able to build simple LANs, perform basic configurations for routers and switches, and implement IP addressing schemes.

Robot Operating System  (4 Credit Units)

This module equips students with foundational knowledge and skills in developing functional applications using open-sourced Robot Operating System (ROS). Students will learn ROS software architecture and the different modes of nodes communication will be covered in the lessons. Students will apply the concepts learnt and perform automated navigations for mobile robotic systems in ROS simulated environment. 

Mechatronic Drive Systems  (4 Credit Units)

This module covers the fundamental concepts and applications of motor drive systems. Topics covered include the types of industrial motors, motor control circuits and drive assemblies. In addition, this module also focuses on the practical aspect of selecting and sizing a motor based on the loading requirements. Students will also have the opportunity to explore the fundamental concepts of industrial hydraulic pumps, actuators and valves.

Systems Modelling & Control  (4 Credit Units)

The module focuses on modelling the dynamics and servo systems, analysis of system responses and shaping the dynamic response through closed-loop control. Students will learn the principles of systems modelling, simulation, analysis and control, and the application of these principles in systems analysis and synthesis. Major topics include modelling single discipline and mixed systems, Laplace transform, s-plane, standard forms, time-domain specifications, effects of control actions on system performance, and frequency response analysis.

Project ID: Connecting the Dots^  (4 Credit Units)

Project ID aims to prepare students for an increasingly globalised and interconnected world where problems are multi-faceted and require interdisciplinary research and collaboration to solve. Using a project-based learning approach, students will have the opportunity to work in a multi-disciplinary team with students from across the polytechnic to investigate and propose comprehensive recommendations for a pressing real-world problem affecting Singapore. they will be guided to step out of your disciplinary silos and effectively communicate and collaborate with peers from different backgrounds. The module seeks to develop independent learning skills and the ability to synthesise diverse strands of knowledge to solve a complex problem, while impressing on them the importance of being a responsible global citizen.


Autonomous Systems Specialisation

Autonomous Platform Systems  (4 Credit Units)

Autonomous vehicle and mobile robots are complex engineering systems, which demand skillsets ranging from mechanical systems, electrical systems, software systems. This module provides hands-on experience to learner to acquire foundation know-how on developing an autonomous wheel-based robot for a real-world application. Learner will learn to use sensors, drives and software technologies that are commonly used in autonomous vehicle and robot. Learner will also gain knowledge on autonomous vehicle operations and safety regulatory requirements and addressing sustainability in applications and designs.

Autonomous System Deployment  (4 Credit Units)

This module aims to introduce the various functions and tasks that Autonomous Mobile Robot (AMR) or Autonomous Vehicle (AV) engineer may undertake to successfully prepare and deploy an AMR/AV for operation. Topics includes sensor calibration and testing, map creation and cleaning, creating road network definition file, route planning and creation, obstacle detection and behavior testing.

Advanced Robotic Systems & Applications  (4 Credit Units) 

This module introduces the integration and application of robot systems for automated processes. Fundamentals concepts in relationship to Industrial Robot Arms and Cobots, such as robot configurations, coordinate system and transformation matrix is explored. Essential knowledge for robot implementations such as robot’s perceptions, motion control and path planning concepts are reinforced through simulations in the ROS (i.e. Robot Operating System) environment. Students will also verify their robot implementations through practical sessions where simulation outcome are verified through actual physical robot system

Automation & Industrial Cybersecurity Specialisation

Advanced Automation System  (4 Credit Units) 

This module aims to equip students with the knowledge of configuring, programming, maintaining, adjusting and controlling mechatronic systems with the use of programmable logic controllers (PLCs) and Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) gateway. 

Major topics include programming and commissioning of mechatronic systems using the IEC61131-3 standard and integrating machines to the IIoT network using OPC-UA and MQTT for data collection and control, which is part of Industry 4.0 Smart Factory.

Students will be taught theoretical knowledge and problem-solving techniques through lecturer-facilitated, hands-on activities and project work to ensure correct and safe machine operation.

Operational Technology Security  (4 Credit Units)

With Industry 4.0, the modern Industrial Control System (ICS) are facing more advanced threats from the Internet outside as a result of the Informational Technology/ Operational Technology (IT/OT) convergence. Protecting them through Operational Technology (OT) cyber defense is an evolving field required to continually adapt cybersecurity strategies so as to maintain the safety and reliability of production operation. 

This module aims to equip students with the knowledge of design, maintenance and protection functions within the Operational Technology (OT) environment. Using a case study of a simulated environment with Industrial Internet of Things Capability (IIoT) capability, the student perform activities with relevance to OT cybersecurity administration and maintenance in order to establish a secure OT environment. This includes performing asset discovery, managing vulnerabilities in existing OT systems, as well as performing access control management across OT systems and devices

In addition, the module also introduces the concept of industrial networking and various cyber security standards, protocols and frameworks and are knowledgeable in using various cybersecurity tools to perform their job accordingly.

Augmented Reality & Robotics Systems  (4 Credit Units) 

This module aims to equip students with the emerging technologies for Industry 4.0 in the automation industry context. This includes Augmented Reality (AR) and the use of robots in the industry.

Students will learn to create Augmented Reality (AR) applications with the objective of illustrating and training operators to do maintenance without the need of a training manual. Students will learn various application of robots such as mobile robots and robot arms to control work pieces in the automation setting. 

In the process of developing the application, students developed creative thinking skills and cultivated an attitude of inquisitiveness in finding solutions to meet the user’s needs

 

^ Interdisciplinary Studies (IS) modules account for 13 credit units of the diploma curriculum. They include modules in communication, innovation and world issues, as well as an interdisciplinary project. By bringing students from diverse diplomas together, the interdisciplinary project fosters collaboration to explore and propose solutions for real-world problems. IS aims to develop students to be agile and self-directed learners, ready for the future workplace.

6-month Internship (Local/Overseas)  (20 Credit Units)

The six-month internship will provide students with the opportunity to apply the knowledge acquired in the classroom to work situations, and demonstrate problem solving, communication and interpersonal skills in a work environment. The programme enables students to hone their ability to work independently and in teams, while they take on one or more practical projects under the supervision of industry practitioners. The objective is to develop a professional approach to work based on the relevant code of practice.

OR

Final-year Project  (20 Credit Units)

In this module, students will work in teams to design and develop a product or system related to a real-world project. In the project, students learn to apply their knowledge and skills in creative problem solving, engineering and design, teamwork and project management. This module focuses on the identification of problem or need, research and design. Student are required to fabricate the prototype, assemble the parts, test and refine the prototype, and prepare the refined design and a project report. Students are also required to do a final presentation to a panel of examiners.

Video Showcase